How ultrasound used in medical science

As a diagnostic tool, ultrasound is becoming more and more important in medicine as a treatment method and surgery. Most medical applications of ultrasound are based on the characteristics of longitudinal waves in the frequency range of 1-15 MHz. Ultrasound propagates at a similar rate in most biological tissues. Absorption occurs mainly due to the relaxation process. It leads to thermal effects in biological systems. Mechanical effects such as flow and cavitation are also important in some situations, especially at low frequencies. Highly focused ultrasound is used for neurosurgery; it is the only way to create a trackless lesion deep in the brain. 

 

Diagnostic imaging using ultrasound can be applied to all tissues. Although ultrasound has been used in the medical field since the 1930s, until recently these technologies were widely used and their potential was fully recognized. Medical ultrasound is now in a period of rapid development and is on the verge of a major impact on clinical medicine. This area provides an open testing ground for many technologies developed for other applications, providing inspiration for the development of new technological advances and providing many challenging and important issues unique to medicine and biology. The future of ultrasound in medicine depends on the talents from the medical community and the physical sciences that work closely with it. Because the emergence of a new generation of research scientists trained in medicine and engineering is not about destroying technology, it is about protecting lives and humans. The purpose of this article is to introduce the principle of medical ultrasound and introduce its various applications.

 

 

Ultrasound applications:

 

I. Diagnostic application:

Ultrasound propagates at a similar rate (approximately 1500 m s-1) in most organisms

Tissues are absorbed at a rate of approximately 1 dB cm-1 MHz. Absorption occurs mainly due to the relaxation process. It leads to thermal effects in biological systems.

 

Mechanical effects such as flow and cavitation are also important in some situations, especially at low frequencies.

Highly focused ultrasound is used for neurosurgery; it is the only way to create a trackless lesion deep in the brain.

 

 

II. Therapeutic applications:

Therapy Applications Ultrasound is used to bring heat or excitement into the body. Therefore use higher energy than diagnostic ultrasound. In many cases, the frequency range used is also very different. Ultrasound can be used to clean teeth in dental hygiene.

 

 

III. Surgical ultrasound applications

1. Ophthalmic ultrasound: Ultrasound is also very useful in surgery

Cataract treatment. Here, an ultrasonic instrument (a phacoemulsifier) ??using a vibrating needle oscillating at 20-40 KHz is introduced into the eye and used to emulsify a diseased lens. It has successfully treated Mwniere's disease. This is a disorder of the vestibular organs of the inner ear and causes severe dizziness.

 

 

2. Ultrasonic physiotherapy: Ultrasound has been used in physical therapy for more than 40 years. It is used to treat many joint and soft tissue diseases such as arthritis, bursitis muscle spasm, traumatic soft tissue injury and certain collagen diseases. The purpose of this technique is to reduce pain, reduce soft tissue stiffness and accelerate healing of ultrasound as a treatment The most benefit of an agent lies in its ability to selectively heat deep tissues.

 

Ultrasound is a great tool for medical science. There are many other application of ultrasound. If you know any other application, welcome your comment!